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Antimicrobial biopolymer films were prepared by incorporating thymol-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) or nanoemulsions (NE) into Ca-alginate solutions. Thymol-loaded-NLCs with thymol/lipid mass ratios of 0.1 and 0.2 were prepared and then used to fabricate NLC/alginate films containing either 20% (NLC20 film) or 10% (NLC10 film) of NLCs. Consequently, these two films had the same total thymol mass fraction: R _{thymol/alginate} = 0.02. A nanoemulsion-loaded film (NE film) containing the same amount of thymol and a neat alginate film (control) were also prepared. Incorporation of the NLCs increased the porosity and surface roughness, thickness, water vapor permeability, and yellowness of the films, but decreased their water contact angle, mechanical strength, and swelling ratio. The release of thymol into the air and into water-ethanol solutions was slower for NLC-loaded than NE-loaded films …