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The source apportionment of the redox activity of quasi-ultrafine particles (PM_0.49), measured by the cell-free dithiothreitol (DTT) assay, was attempted at two urban sites (urban traffic, UT and urban background, UB) in Thessaloniki, northern Greece, following the increased biomass burning due to the economic crisis. Both, the per-mass and per-volume DTT redox activities of PM_0.49 particles were found to be substantially higher at the UB site in the cold season underscoring the increase in PM toxicity with the shift from traditional oil burning to biomass burning for residential heating. Two different approaches were employed to link the measured redox activity of PM_0.49 with specific sources: (a) Principal Component Analysis of the chemical components of PM_0.49 followed by Multilinear Regression of the measured redox activity on factor tracers (PCA-MLR), and (b) Robotic Chemical Mass Balance receptor …