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Sol-gel auto-combustion process was used to synthesize M-type hexagonal ferrite powder samples with the chemical formula Ba_0.3Sr_0.7-xCo_xFe_12-ySm_yO₁₉ (x = 0–0.5, y = 0–0.05). The samples were examined using the X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), Raman, and photoluminescence spectroscopies. M-type phase with a hexagonal structure was obtained along with the single peak of the impurity phase (α-Fe₂O₃). The samples' lattice parameters, crystallite size, volume, X-ray density, bulk density, porosity, dislocation density, and micro strain were also calculated from XRD data. Raman spectroscopy detected all the associated vibrational and rotational modes in the samples. Changes in Raman spectra versus levels of substitution of Sm and Co concentrations are linked to the variation of strain in the unit cell. All emissions were visible (red) in the Photoluminescence (PL) spectra, which had a wavelength …