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Environmental wireless sensor network (EWSN) systems are deployed in potentially harsh and remote environments where inevitable node and communication failures must be tolerated. LUSTER---Light Under Shrub Thicket for Environmental Research---is a system that meets the challenges of EWSNs using a hierarchical architecture that includes distributed reliable storage, delay-tolerant networking, and deployment time validation techniques.

In LUSTER, a fleet of sensors coordinate communications using LiteTDMA, a low-power cluster-based MAC protocol. They measure the complex light environment in thickets and are open to additional ecological parameters, such as temperature and CO₂.

LUSTER has been deployed and evaluated in laboratory, forested, and barrier island environments. It includes new sensor hardware designs: (a) "SolarDust," a hybrid multichannel energy harvesting and sensing …