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The aim of this research is to identify and model critical barriers to Industry 4.0 technology practices as a tool for sustainable supply chain in Egyptian enterprises. The opinions and perceptions of 159 enterprises' managers were surveyed, in which 18 critical barriers were identified using the questionnaire. By applying the ISM tool, the ranks and the degree of influence of each barrier for each technique of industry were achieved. It was observed that cost and lack of financial resources and fund programs always comes in the first rank, which means it is the most influencing barrier among all other barriers. The main implication of this research is providing a roadmap to decision-makers to facilitate Industry 4.0 implementation in a number of ways in Egyptian SMEs in various sectors.