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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread globally as a severe pandemic, which is caused by a novel coronavirus named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). 1 COVID-19 is a serious threat to healthcare systems, economies, and is devastating to some populations, such as the elderly and those with comorbidities. It is likely to coexist with human beings for a long time. Unfortunately, there is still no effective cure for COVID-19, especially the critically ill patients. Spike (S) protein on the surface of SARS-CoV-2 facilitates viral entry into target cells by mediating virus receptor recognition and membrane fusion, which contains an S1 subunit at the N terminus and an S2 subunit at the C-terminus. The receptor-binding domain (RBD) at the C-terminus of the S1 subunit has an essential role in mediating viral cell entry through binding to angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 (ACE2) on the …