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Background:

The past several years have seen remarkable advances in understanding the basic cellular and physiologic mechanisms underlying organ dysfunction and recovery relating to sepsis. Although several new therapeutic approaches have improved outcome in septic patients, the far-reaching potential of these new insights into sepsis-associated mechanisms is only beginning to be realized.

Aim:

The Brussels Round Table Conference in 2006 convened> 30 experts in the field of inflammation and sepsis to review recent advances involving sepsis and to discuss directions that the field is likely to take in the near future.

Findings:

Current understanding of the pathophysiology underlying sepsis-induced multiple organ dysfunction highlights the multiple cell populations and cell-signaling pathways involved in this complex condition. There is an increasing appreciation of interactions existing between different …