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Embryonic neural tissue is particularly sensitive to gonadal hormones which play a vital part in axonal growth. 2 “Estrogen and androgen appear to induce inherent neural programs in which androgen increases neurite arborization and the receptive field of individual cells, increasing the likelihood for intercellular communication, while estrogen actually induces this communication, in the form of spines, synapses, and gap junctions.” 3 High myopia rates in opposite sex twins has been attributed to ocular development in the unusual hormonal environment. 4 DES, among various oestrogenic compounds, is the most eVective competitive inhibitor for binding oestrogen receptors in the developing monkey brain. 5