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In advanced manufacturing of building elements, process integration and utilization of multi-skilled resources enhance the flexibility of production networks against variations in demand and resource availability. This research study aims to incorporate the required cost and time for cross-training multi-skilled resources into resource planning computations. Towards this aim, minimizing the cost of utilizing multi-skilled resources in off-site construction is formulated using integer and probabilistic optimization models. Production data of two prefabrication networks in Brisbane and Melbourne, Australia are used to derive computational results and validate models. The main contribution of this research study is to analyze the costeffectiveness of deploying multi-skilled resources with the aim of improving production flexibility. The modeling methodology and findings are of practical use to off-site manufacturers that …