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In today's world that all sciences and technologies, including Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are dealing with the improvement of the existing solutions, we are looking for time-saving and cost-effective approaches that unveil new methods and concepts in the intended field. Survey studies provide a quick and comprehensive access to these concepts in the intended realm. Having this motivation in mind and considering the impact of clustering process on controlling and managing energy consumption of WSNs, we focus on clustering and cluster-based multi-hop routing protocols to provide an expansive assessment in terms of methodology. In this survey, some parameters are presented for evaluating the properties of the different methods. Then, the studied methods are classified from the perspective of methodology into four categories: classical approaches, fuzzy-based approaches, metaheuristic-based …