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As the number of attacks, and thus the number of alerts received by Security Information and Event Management Systems (SIEMs) increases, the need for appropriate treatment of these alerts has become essential. The new generation of SIEMs focuses on the response ability to automate the process of selecting and deploying countermeasures. However, current response systems select and deploy security measures without performing a comprehensive impact analysis of attacks and response scenarios. This paper addresses this limitation by proposing a model for the automated selection of optimal security countermeasures. In addition, the paper compares previous mathematical models and studies their limitations, which lead to the creation of a new model that evaluates, ranks and selects optimal countermeasures. The model relies on the optimization of cost sensitive metrics based on the Return On …