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Renal transplantation has important benefits in people with end‐stage renal disease, with improvements in mortality, morbidity and quality of life. Whilst significant advances in transplantation techniques and immunosuppressive regimens have led to improvements in short‐term outcomes, longer‐term outcomes have not improved dramatically. New‐onset diabetes after transplantation appears to be a major factor in morbidity and cardiovascular mortality in renal transplant recipients. The diagnosis of new‐onset diabetes after renal transplantation has been hampered by a lack of clarity over diagnostic tests in early studies, although the use of the WHO criteria is now generally accepted. HbA_1c may be useful diagnostically, but should probably be avoided in the first 3 months after transplantation. The pathogenesis of new‐onset diabetes after renal transplantation is likely to be related to standard pathogenic factors …