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This paper explores the transformative role of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in healthcare facility planning and management. Tracing the historical evolution, theoretical frameworks, applications, benefits, and challenges of GIS reveals its pivotal contribution to spatially informed decision-making. GIS optimizes resource allocation, enhances accessibility, and streamlines facility management. The integration with emerging technologies, including AI and IoT, propels healthcare infrastructure into an era of predictive modelling and real-time analytics. Addressing challenges such as data quality, privacy, and integration complexities requires comprehensive policies. Looking ahead, GIS in healthcare promises innovations like augmented reality and advanced remote sensing technologies, fostering resilient, patient-centric healthcare ecosystems. This abstract encapsulates the journey of GIS in healthcare, emphasizing its potential to revolutionize the spatial frontier of healthcare planning and management.