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The large-scale transportation infrastructure construction in developing countries such as China requires emission estimation method for better project design. This study proposed an empirical method to estimate carbon dioxide (CO₂) emission which was generated from highway construction based on four real projects in southwest region of China. The proposed method estimated the total emission from different steps of construction process (raw material production, material transportation and onsite construction) by different project types (e.g. subgrade, pavement, bridge, and tunnels). The results show that in general over 80 percent of the CO₂ emission was generated from raw material production; the onsite construction and material transportation only accounted for 10 and 3 percent of the whole CO₂ emission, respectively. Moreover, the CO₂ emission from bridge and tunnel constructions was much larger …