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Clinical treatment of orthopedic tissue injuries often requires fixation via bone implant material. Implants produced from titanium and titanium alloys have been the gold standard in load-bearing orthopedic applications since many years because of their favorable biological and mechanical properties. The advantages of titanium and its alloys for biomedical devices include the following:(1) high corrosion resistance,(2) biocompatibility owing to the spontaneous formation of oxide layers,(3) high specific strength, and (4) lack of toxicity (Elias et al. 2008). Nevertheless, there is still room for improvement, particularly concerning the stabilization of the implant and the integration at the bone–biomaterial interface (Goodacre et al. 1999). Successful integration and stabilization of the implant critically depend on surface characteristics, that is, surface chemistry, roughness, topography, and wettability. Increasing the surface roughness and modifying the surface architecture by sandblasting, plasma spraying, or acid etching has been extensively used to enhance initial stabilization of the implant and promote bone formation at the