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As information technology advances, the need for distributed communications on the battlefield continues to grow. Moreover, NATO activities are multi-nation engagements, and necessitate communications between member countries and from the theater of operations back to command centers. The NATO Information Systems Technology (IST) 172 research task group has investigated non-satellite and non-high frequency (HF) technologies for beyond line-of-sight (BLOS) communications, creating links between disparate battlefield nodes. The study examines existing and emerging capabilities within the NATO member nations, and considering their applicability to six representative communications scenarios. The representative scenarios and the technologies which support BLOS are presented herein. An operational vignette is also presented which applies the solutions outlined in the report as an example.