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Disclosed are a multi-antenna system and a transmission and method based on index coding and beamforming thereof. A transmitter including a plurality of antennas may be configured to classify a plurality of receivers into at least one group, determine an index code for the group, design a beamforming matrix for the group, and transmit at least one of a plurality of files to the group through the antennas based on the index code and the beamforming matrix.