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The world is in war against the pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, the cause of COVID-19) and casualties (like in war: casualties) are increasing dramatically throughout the world. This disease may cause massive diffuse alveolar damage resulting in hypoxaemic acute respiratory failure (ARF) requiring, in a high percentage of cases, mechanical ventilation. 1---3 Behaviours and lifestyles are changing all over the world due to restrictions and lockdowns imposed by national governments to contain the diffusion. This editorial is written in the middle of the war and only final and complete data will allow to draw solid conclusions. However, even with partial information the scientific community has the moral duty to raise questions and to try to provide interdisciplinary analyses and a prospective vision based on societal, clinical, economical, organisational, technological and …