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The results of the first Critical Assessment of Fully Automated Structure Prediction (CAFASP‐1) are presented. The objective was to evaluate the success rates of fully automatic web servers for fold recognition which are available to the community. This study was based on the targets used in the third meeting on the Critical Assessment of Techniques for Protein Structure Prediction (CASP‐3). However, unlike CASP‐3, the study was not a blind trial, as it was held after the structures of the targets were known. The aim was to assess the performance of methods without the user intervention that several groups used in their CASP‐3 submissions. Although it is clear that “human plus machine” predictions are superior to automated ones, this CAFASP‐1 experiment is extremely valuable for users of our methods; it provides an indication of the performance of the methods alone, and not of the “human plus machine …