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With recent improvements in health care, many children diagnosed with life-threatening illnesses often live well into adulthood. As such, the leaders in the health care system are struggling to determine who should provide care to these individuals, how such care should be delivered, and the most appropriate methods to finance such care once they become young adults. This report synthesizes the existing knowledge surrounding transition of care efforts. Overall, the literature includes theoretical descriptions of transition models as well as program characteristics, provider and parent concerns, and transition experiences. Few published articles focus on clinical outcomes. Most of the available literature concentrates on chronically ill patients in general, although a few target specific illnesses such as sickle cell disease, cystic fibrosis, and diabetes. We provide an overview of nearly 60 articles pertaining to this topic …