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Objectives:

The objective was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of surveillance 11 C-choline positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for the detection of disease relapse in patients with a history of biochemically recurrent (BCR) prostate cancer (PCa) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA)≤ 0.1 ng/ml.

Materials and Methods:

We included patients who had been treated for BCR PCa and had a surveillance 11 C-choline PET/CT at serum PSA≤ 0.1 ng/ml. Positive surveillance PET/CT was defined as a study that identified a new tracer-avid lesion or new tracer uptake in a previously treated lesion or both. Findings were confirmed against a composite radiologic-pathologic gold standard. Time to recurrence association analyses were performed for disease relapse risk with the use of Cox proportional hazards regression.

Results:

In total, 13 (12.1%) of the 107 patients had positive surveillance …