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Passenger rail service is an integral part of intercity transportation networks, especially in areas where residents do not have access to a car or there are not any other options for intercity travel. In the United States, some areas have experienced a decline in passenger rail service, including reductions in the frequency or entire abandonment of service. Using data collected on board the Hoosier State Train in Indiana, this paper estimates a multi-attribute attitude model to assess how transportation mode preferences for intercity travel and factors considered in mode choice decision vary among people with different levels of access to an intercity passenger rail line. Furthermore, this paper estimates an ordered probit model to investigate how passenger characteristics as well as factors associated with both access to a rail line and mode choice decisions relate to frequency of travel by intercity rail. The findings of this study suggest that transportation mode preferences and the order of importance of factors considered in mode choice decisions can vary as the level of access to a rail line varies. In addition, some of the factors affecting mode choice decisions (such as safety and ease of use) and some access-related factors appeared to be associated with trip frequency; however, the findings with respect to the access were inconclusive. The results of this study can assist Amtrak and state transportation agencies identify which aspects of rail service can be enhanced to attract more ridership and promote the use of intercity passenger train in the US