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Nature-based solutions (NBS) have become more prevalent alternatives to address the negative impacts facing transportation infrastructure located near to rivers under non-stationarities like climate change. NBS here refers to techniques that use natural materials and natural conditions, including engineered structures that incorporate natural processes and materials. In riverine environments, that is those environments near to, crossing, or otherwise interacting with rivers and their surrounding landscape, NBS provide one way to simultaneously address the risks due to river impacts on transportation infrastructure and the environmental issues associated with transportation infrastructure's encroachment on rivers.