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This chapter discusses the levels of processing in emotion-antecedent appraisal. The evaluation or appraisal of an event with respect to its relevance to the individual is responsible for the elicitation and differentiation of emotion. The chapter focuses on the nature of emotion constitutive appraisals and the role of individual differences. A variety of different paradigms has been used to study the relationship between particular configurations of appraisal results and the nature of the ensuing emotional reaction. The results of these studies confirm the fundamental assumptions of appraisal theories as well as specific predictions about emotion-specific appraisal profiles. Appraisal profiles allow the discrimination of 40 to 50% of the emotion episodes studied. The chapter discusses the ways in which individual differences can be useful for the understanding of both appraisal biases and appraisal …