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The various topologies, traffic patterns and cost targets of optical networks have prevented the deployment of end-to-end solutions across multi-domains, and the optimization of the network as a whole. The consequent limitations in flexibility, scalability, and adaptability of optical networks will become increasingly important with new applications, such as 5G/6G. Coherent transceivers based on digital subcarrier multiplexing (DSCM) are proposed to address these current constraints. In particular, DSCM allows (i) the design of high-capacity point-to-point (P2P) and -multipoint (P2MP) optical networks; (ii) simplified aggregation with passive optics; and (iii) connections between low- and high-speed transceivers. Furthermore, DSCM-based networks reduce the number of opto-electro-opto stages, halve the number of bookended transceivers, and provide a better match for existing hub-and-spoke (H&S) traffic patterns in …