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In this work, Dy ion doped Mg₂SnO₄ (Mg₂SnO₄:Dy³⁺) with monochromatic yellow fluorescence and color-changing long afterglow properties are prepared by the high-temperature solid-phase method. Mg₂SnO₄:Dy³⁺ shows the best luminescence performance under the preparation conditions of 1550 °C and 0.02 Dy³⁺ concentration. The samples are able to achieve yellow fluorescence emission (λ_em = 575 nm) under 350 nm and 291 nm excitation, and the emission intensity of the samples under 350 nm excitation is much higher than that of 291 nm excitation. Under 254 nm excitation, the sample not only emits bright white fluorescence but also has the ability of obvious afterglow after excitation. Moreover, the afterglow also has the color change function of transition from bright white to yellow. The luminescence mechanism study shows that Mg₂SnO₄:Dy³⁺ contains two emission centers, Dy³⁺ and lattice …