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In this work, MgGeO₃:Pr³⁺ system is prepared by high-temperature solid phase method under the condition of different temperature and Pr content. MgGeO₃:Pr³⁺ could emit 622 nm (red), 716 nm (red), 903 nm (NIR) and 1081 nm (NIR) lights under the external excitation of 251 nm and 425–500 nm. Due to the different excitation wavelengths, MgGeO₃:Pr³⁺ has completely different electronic transition paths, resulting in a much larger emission intensity under 251 nm excitation than that excited by 425∼500 nm. When the incident light wavelength is 251 nm, the excitation process is VB→¹D₂ level of Pr³⁺, and the emission is due to transition of ¹D₂→³H₄, ¹D₂→³H₅, ¹D₂→³H₆(³F₂) and ¹D₂→³F_3,4. When the wavelength of incident light is 425∼500 nm, the excitation process is ³H₄→CB, the emission is CB→¹D₂, and then ¹D₂→³H₄, ¹D₂→³H₅, ¹D₂→³H₆(³F₂) and ¹D₂→³F_3,4. At the same time, the emission …