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Background.  Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination targeting females aged 12–13 years commenced in Australia in 2007, with catch-up vaccination of females aged 13–26 years continuing to 2009. Whole-population analyses, including effects on the Indigenous population, have not previously been reported.

Methods.  All hospital admissions between 1999–2011 involving a diagnosis of genital warts were obtained from a comprehensive national database. We compared the age-specific rates before to those after implementation of the vaccination program, according to sex and other characteristics.

Results.  Admission rates decreased from mid-2007 in females aged 12–17 years (annual decline, 44.1% [95% confidence interval {CI}, 35.4%–51.6%]) and from mid-2008 in females and males aged 18–26 years (annual declines, 31.8% [95 …