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Herein, we characterize various metal oxide-carbon composites, i.e. CuO-MCMB (mesocarbon microbeads), Fe₂O₃–MCMB and NiO-MCMB, as anode materials for application in sodium-ion battery. The electrodes, supposed to react through a conversion mechanism, are studied in terms of structure, morphology and electrochemical behavior in sodium cell. The results demonstrate a specific capacity of the order of 100 mAh g⁻¹ for Fe₂O₃–MCMB and NiO-MCMB, and of about 300 mAh g⁻¹ for CuO-MCMB. The remarkable performance of the latter suggests the copper oxide-based electrode as the preferred anode material for battery application. Indeed, further study aimed to clarify the Na/CuO-MCMB reaction mechanism is performed by ex-situ X-ray diffraction on electrode material cast onto aluminum support. The study suggests a partial conversion reaction for CuO-based anode that is considered suitable …