作者
Roberto Ulloa, Ana Carolina Richter, Mykola Makhortykh, Aleksandra Urman, Celina Sylwia Kacperski
发表日期
2024/6
期刊
new media & society
卷号
26
期号
6
页码范围
3541-3567
出版商
Sage Publications
简介
Implicit and explicit gender biases in media representations of individuals have long existed. Women are less likely to be represented in gender-neutral media content (representation bias), and their face-to-body ratio in images is often lower (face-ism bias). In this article, we look at representativeness and face-ism in search engine image results. We systematically queried four search engines (Google, Bing, Baidu, Yandex) from three locations, using two browsers and in two waves, with gender-neutral (person, intelligent person) and gendered (woman, intelligent woman, man, intelligent man) terminology, accessing the top 100 image results. We employed automatic identification for the individual’s gender expression (female/male) and the calculation of the face-to-body ratio of individuals depicted. We find that, as in other forms of media, search engine images perpetuate biases to the detriment of women …
引用总数
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