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The urbanisation and population growth are resulting in a significant increase in energy consumption in buildings, leading to a substantial increase in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. During the operation of buildings, a massive amount of GHG emissions are released due to the process of building heating, cooling, and lighting, which accounts for the most significant proportion in building energy consumption. Therefore, energy-efficiency design and operation will play an essential role in reducing GHG emissions in buildings. Façade systems are one of the most critical aspects regarding the efficient management of heating, cooling, and lighting energy in buildings. A façade system is a barrier and exchanger (simultaneously) for temperature, light, and air between the building indoor environment and the outside environment. Therefore, the proper design and operation of the façade can effectively save substantial …