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Our work is a first attempt to construct a policy analysis matrix (PAM) for the purpose of assessing the government support for the Israeli agriculture and its impact on comparative advantage, agricultural trade and social profits. We start with a review of the Israeli fruit and vegetable sector in the last decade. In the second section, we introduce the PAM methodology and review applications of this methodology in other countries. In the main part of the study PAM is developed and applied to explore the impact of varying social prices, availability of domestic factors and to examine the consequences of partial or complete removal of government supports for agricultural producers in Israel. In the last section we conclude our findings, discuss policy implications and feasible ways to extend this framework for future research.