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Writing books on epilepsy for the past three millennia is well justified since epilepsy is the most common serious chronic neurological disease affecting almost 65 million worldwide. It affects people of all ages, with maximal rates of occurrence in children and in old age. Unlike many other serious diseases, epilepsy is readily treatable with inexpensive medications in the majority of cases. At least 70% of people with epilepsy can have their seizures controlled and can enjoy a normal life if they are diagnosed and treated appropriately. However, in certain cases, definitive diagnosis of a paroxysmal event cannot be made even in hospital setting despite thorough neurological and EEG assessment. These cases often demand multimodal, personalized, and long-term monitoring, ideally at home and especially during sleep, for proper seizure diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and classification. At the “International Bureau …