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This chapter introduces an institutional perspective on sustainability transitions. Sustainability transitions are long-term, multi-dimensional and deep-structural changes of existing sectors and industries towards more sustainable modes of consumption and production (Grin, Rotmans and Schot, 2010). Research in sustainability transitions deals with the question of how a radical transformation towards a more sustainable society unfolds. It thereby advocates a systemic perspective on innovation and change that takes into account the historical co-evolution of institutions and technologies into stable socio-technical systems and conceptualizes the resulting path dependencies for innovation and change. Sustainability transitions entail a reorganization of, among other things, dominant markets, actors, policies, regulations, business models, technologies, user practices and cultural expectations in sectors like water …