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The aetiology of oral premalignant lesions is unknown. Oxidative stress is associated with inflammation and cancerogenesis. The aim of our study was to compare salivary markers of oxidative and carbonyl stress in patients with oral premalignant lesions and age-matched healthy controls. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected from 16 patients with oral premalignant lesions (leukoplakia, lichen planus, erythroplakia) and 16 age-matched healthy controls. Biochemical analysis included measurement of thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Salivary RNA was analyzed using real time PCR. Salivary TBARS and AGEs were significantly higher in patients than in controls. No differences were found in AOPP. TAC and expression of superoxide dismutase were lower in patients than …