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A nano-particle deposition system is combined with friction stir spot welding (FSSW) of dissimilar aluminum alloys to fabricate a carbon/aluminum metal matrix composite (MMC) joint. Carbon materials in the form of graphite powder are deposited on an aluminum sheet at room temperature. Lap joints of dissimilar aluminum alloys are fabricated via FSSW using the carbon-deposited aluminum sheet as the upper sheet of the joint. The Raman spectroscopy confirms that carbon/aluminum MMC is successfully fabricated in the joint. The strength and toughness of the joint are clearly enhanced by fabricating the MMC, as shown in the result of mechanical tests.