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Wool and wool/nylon blended yarns were knitted and treated by a phosphorus sulphur based agent by padding. The flammability hazard was evaluated considering parameters such as; the spread of flame, heat release and smoke emission. The flame spread of fabrics was measured according to the FAR/CS 25.853 12 Second Vertical Bunsen Burner test procedure. Regardless of the blend ratio, the fabrics treated by the flame retardant (90% add-on) could comply with the vertical flammability requirements for aircraft materials. Important flammability parameters such as heat release rate and peak heat release rate ware measured by the cone calorimeter. The FR treatment of fabrics was found to be effective in reducing heat release and thus risks associated with fire. The smoke generated by the materials during flaming combustion was evaluated by both cone calorimeter and NBS smoke density chamber.