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We propose a complete methodology to develop custom monofocal Intraocular Lens (IOL) designs and evaluate their performance on-axis based on an analytical formulation. The analytical formulation was based on Gaussian and primary aberration theory applied to custom (individual biometric data) and realistic (multilayer cornea and thick IOL) pseudoaphakic eye models. Gradient-based optimization algorithms were performed to search for optimal designs. Using two parameters, the best design was obtained by directly minimizing the wavefront variance. We showed, in a case example, that custom designs achieved better final performance than generic IOL designs. Tolerances analysis allowed an evaluation of the implications of the manufacturing errors of the different parameters.