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In the typical conventional fill compaction, the dry density, ρ_d, and the water content, w, are controlled in relation to reference values, (ρ_d)_max and w_opt, determined by standard laboratory compaction tests using a representative sample at a certain compaction energy level, CEL. Although CEL and soil type affect significantly (ρ_d)_max and w_opt, they change inevitably, sometimes largely, in a given earthwork project while field CEL may not match the value used in the laboratory compaction tests. Compaction control based on only an index of strength/ stiffness of compacted soil has such a drawback that, for a fixed value of ρ_d, the index may increase significantly as the degree of saturation, S_r, of compacted soil becomes lower than the optimum degree of saturation (S_r)_opt defined as S_r when (ρ_d)_max is obtained for a given CEL. In comparison, the value of (S_r)_opt and the unified compaction curve in terms of ρ_d/(ρ_d …