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The present work emphasis on the reduction of diesel engine emission using Jatropha-based bio-diesel and diethyl ether (DEE). The experiments show that with 20% (B20) addition of bio-diesel, the BSFC and BSEC increase by 7% and 10% while efficiency and emissions - CO, CO₂, NO_x, and HC - decreases by 1%, 64%, 5%, 18% and 48% respectively. However, it also shows that, even optimised blend (B20) is not able to meet stringent emission norms - particularly for NO_x - set by EURO IV. For the further reduction of the NO_x, DEE is added from 0% to 5% in B20. The results show that addition of 4% DEE, does not significantly influenced the engine performance, however reduction in NO_x found to be 40% compared with diesel fuel. A hypothesis is proposed that, "The reduction in engine emission is due to improvement in combustion in presence of DEE". The hypothesis is validated through combustion analysis …