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A study was conducted at the experimental farm in Pundibari, India, to determine the effects of light intensity or photosynthetically active radiation diffused through the tree canopies of mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni) on eight different chilli (Capsicum annuum) genotypes. Mahogany saplings were planted during the rainy season of 2003. Eight chilli genotypes (CA-5, CA-9, CA-11, CA-12, CA-13, CA-14, CA-17 and Bhagyalaxmi) were planted during the winter seasons of 2005-2007. Light intensity was recorded daily from 12 noon to 1 pm. Plant height, girth, spread, primary branches/plant, secondary branches/plant, fruit length, and diameter and yield of chilli were also recorded. The average light intensity varied from 214.67× 100 to 770.13× 100 lux under the agroforestry system for 21 weeks. Light intensity, as a fraction of total light intensity, available to chilli varied from 41.87-81.70%. The agroforestry system showed the albedo ranging from 0.22 to 1.39. The light intensity pattern in the agroforestry system because of the attributes of tree species and the angle of solar radiation, especially during the day. A significant relation was observed between crop growth and genotypes. Crop growth and yield were found to be significantly different among genotypes, which can be due to the variation in light intensity, photosynthetic activity, reserved dry matter in shoots, and efficient partitioning of dry matter to yield. The highest yield was recorded for CA-11 and CA-5. Results suggest that chilli genotypes CA-11 and CA-5 may be selected for a mahogany-based agroforestry system in the terai zone of West Bengal.