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A literature review demonstrates a lack of vulnerability studies in landslide risk research with regard to both social and natural science approaches. Existing approaches to vulnerability assessment have been adopted from technological risk research. These approaches determine risk associated with landslide processes of a given magnitude as a function of landslide hazard, elements at risk with attributed damage potentials and vulnerabilities of each of these elements at risk. This approach is applied in regional landslide risk analyses in Rheinhessen, Germany and Bíldudalur, Iceland. While in the Rheinhessen study, the vulnerability of each element at risk is assumed to equal total damage, a more elaborate concept of landslide vulnerability is applied in the Iceland case study. Although differing in complexity, both approaches demonstrate the advances in, and the necessity for, application of vulnerability …