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BACKGROUND

This paper offers a brief and necessarily speculative look at some of the concepts and processes associated with the creation of organizational cultures and, therefore, with the birth of organizations. Although no strong reference will be made to the data here, the frame of reference chosen for the paper has been influenced by the empirical study of a private British boarding school. The school was founded by an individual with a strong and quite idiosyncratic personality who had a definite vision of what kind of organizational structures, mechanisms, people, and processes could realize his vision.

The data collection began in 1 972 with a before, during, and after analysis of the impact of a major structural change on certain aspects of the structure, functioning, and climate of relationships in the school. The change began in September 1972. Two sets of interviews and questionnaires were administered …