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Since the formulation of the hopelessness theory of depression (Psychological Review, 96, 1989, 358) a quarter-century ago, it has garnered considerable interest. The current article presents a systematic review of this theory, including its subsequent elaborations (Rose and Abramson's [Rochester Symposium of Developmental Psychopathology, 1992, University of Rochester Press, Rochester, NY] developmental elaboration; Abela and Sarin's [Cognitive Therapy and Research, 26, 2002, 811] weakest link approach; Panzarella, Alloy and Whitehouse's [Cognitive Therapy and Research, 30, 2006, 307] expansion of the hopelessness theory; and the hopelessness theory of suicide (Suicide Science: Expanding Boundaries, 2000, Kluwer Academic, Boston]), followed by recommendations for future study. Although empirical support was consistently found for several major components of the hopelessness theory …