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Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) technology plays an important role in deterring counterfeit products. There are, however, many unsolved challenges in designing an effective and efficient RFID system for anti-counterfeiting purpose. The first challenge lies in designing a system which is suitable for standard passive RFID tags, especially EPC C1G2 tags, which are widely used in real-world supply chains. These tags cannot afford strong security primitives due to very limited storage and computational capability. The second challenge lies in designing a system which can efficiently handle a increasing number of RFID products. Existing approaches for clone tag detection suffer from performance bottlenecks because a centralized detection server is required in these approaches to record and analyze the traces of all individual products. Thirdly, a practical approach to clone tag detection should work efficiently in …