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This paper embarks on a conceptual exploration of sustainable Human Resources (HR) management practices, with a comparative analysis between Nigeria and the United States (USA). The objective is to identify, analyze, and contrast the sustainability-oriented HR strategies employed in these geographically and culturally distinct nations. Through a qualitative research methodology that incorporates a comprehensive review of existing literature and case studies, this study illuminates the various approaches to sustainable HR management in Nigeria and the USA, highlighting the unique challenges and opportunities within each context.

Key findings reveal significant differences in the implementation of sustainable HR practices between the two countries, influenced by economic, cultural, and regulatory factors. In the USA, sustainable HR practices are often integrated into broader corporate sustainability initiatives, driven by a combination of regulatory compliance, market pressures, and organizational commitment to social responsibility. In contrast, in Nigeria, sustainable HR practices are emerging more slowly, with initiatives often hindered by economic constraints, infrastructural challenges, and a lack of awareness regarding the benefits of sustainability in HR management.