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Why do governments in ethnically diverse states pursue different paths to national integration? In this impressive book, Mylonas provides a parsimonious and, more importantly, convincing explanation for variation in government approaches to ethnic diversity. The author distinguishes between three broad sets of national homogenization policies aimed at unassimilated ethnic groups: accommodation, assimilation and exclusion. The way governments (“host states”) treat unintegrated ethnic communities (“non-core groups”) depends on the support those communities receive from other states (“external powers”), and the relationship that domestic governments have with those states. Where non-core groups receive no foreign support, governments of host states will attempt to assimilate them in order to preclude their future mobilization by a hostile external power. Non-core groups with outside support fall into two …