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To compare the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) recommendations on responsible, hazardous and harmful alcohol intake with their effects on all‐cause mortality in men and women and on the occurrence of 10 specific neoplastic, cardiovascular and alimentary diseases.

Meta‐analyses of relative risks of mortality in relation to usual level of alcohol intake pooled from 16 cohort studies (mostly of adults over 35 years), and alcohol and selected conditions from a further 132 epidemiological studies. Results reported by authors were assigned to sex‐specific exposure categories defined by the NHMRC based on median alcohol intakes. Pooled estimates of relative risk were calculated using precision‐based weighting.

The assessment was part of a comprehensive meta‐analysis of epidemiological research undertaken for the National Drug Strategy.