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Outlines the history of interest in mental imagery, which can be traced back at least to the time of Plato, who thought that memories were based on images. Interest in imagery continued on for centuries, but then declined when psychology became obsessed with method. Imagery came into its own again in the early 1970s during the" cognitive revolution." As the limitations of behaviorism became apparent, scientists again became receptive to theorizing about internal events. The most recent development in the field is the cognitive neuroscience approach to characterizing the way images are represented and processed. Recent work on mental imagery is discussed, focusing on the role of imagery in (1) learning and memory,(2) perception and action,(3) information processing, and (4) reasoning.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved)