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Infrastructure agencies routinely make maintenance, rehabilitation, and reconstruction (MRR) decisions to keep their assets in state of good repair or to extend their service lives. They use one of three general mechanisms to make such decisions: expert opinion, continuation of historical practices, or explicit optimization using costs and benefits data for alternative MRR actions. In using any of these decision mechanisms, the agency is guided by decision factors (i.e., the attributes of the infrastructure, the operating environment, and the action in question). With regard to the historical-practice mechanism where the agency’s MRR policy is governed by past MRR decisions, there typically exists ample data on past decisions as well as the decision factors that existed at the time of the decision and hypothetically influenced the decision. Agencies that still use this decision mechanism continue to grapple with several …